affirmative action - 1695 Words

Abstract What is affirmative action? Affirmative action is an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, esp. in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination. In the 1940s: President Roosevelt signed an order making discrimination illegal in defense contracting. 1954: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that separate but equal facilities on the basis of race were unconstitutionally discriminatory. The Act of 1964: Congress passed the Civil Rights Act prohibiting discrimination based on race, sex, national origin and religion in employment and education. 1965: President Lyndon Johnson signed an executive order requiring federal contractors to undertake affirmative†¦show more content†¦When the firefighters who qualified for promotion were denied, because of their race, they filed on the basis of racial discrimination. In June 2009, the Supreme Court handed down a five to four decision, in which it ruled that the city of New Haven had violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Affirmative Action, the American Economy, 2013). The firefighters in New Haven were violated, but because of this case it allowed the affirmative action standard in the US to stand. This affirmative action case shows the benefits of having affirmative action in the US. Having affirmative action laws here in the US protects our citizens and their rights to be treated equal. This Supreme Court case between the New Haven and the firefighters show how the United States is still taking positive steps to end discrimination. Discrimination toward women. Although discrimination still exists, now more than ever, the continued use of an affirmative action is needed to address today’s discrimination. It is needed to break down barriers and to make sure that all individuals have an equal opportunity to demonstrate their talents and abilities. This includes women. According to the Washington Post, (2011) women often do not have the economic advantage many men have when they go into elections. Women could not pander to the voters appetite for what can you give me now and therefore lose crucial votes. WeShow MoreRelatedThe Affirmative Of Affirmative Action Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pages Many affirmative action efforts have been made since the end of the Civil War in order to remedy the results of hundreds of years of slavery, segregation and denial of opportunity for groups that face discrimination. Many African Americans such as President Barack Obama, Senator Cory Booker, the writer Toni Morrison, the literary scholar Henry Louis Gates, media star Oprah Winfrey, and rap star Jay-Z have achieved positions of power and influence in the wider society (Giddens, Duneier, AppelbaumRead MoreAffirmative Action1559 Words   |  7 PagesRESEARCH PAPER AFFIRMATIVE ACTION INTRODUCTION Affirmative Action is an employment legislation protection system that is intended to address the systemized discrimination faced by women and minorities. It achieves this by enforcing diversity through operational intrusions into recruitment, selection, and other personnel functions and practices in America. Originally, Affirmative Action arose because of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s desire to integrate society on educationalRead MoreAffirmative Action1160 Words   |  5 PagesAffirmative Action Marlene S. Smith MGT/434 October 28, 2013 Thomas Affirmative Action Affirmative action is an action that was purposefully designed to provide full and equal opportunities for employment and education for women, minorities, and other individuals belonging to disadvantaged groups. This paper will assess the rudiments of Affirmative Action as it applies to public and private sector employers. The paper will also evaluate what employers are subject to affirmative actionRead MoreAffirmative Action1571 Words   |  7 PagesName Professor Name Management 11th November 2011 Affirmative Action Thesis: Affirmative Action has helped many women and minorities in entering the job market. Although there has been a lot of hue and cry regarding the benefits of the affirmative action and the suitability of candidates selected thorough affirmative action; research has shown that affirmative action is beneficial and the candidates of affirmative action perform as well as those who are selected through theRead MoreAffirmative Actions1078 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: AFFERMATIVE ACTION Affirmative Actions Affirmative action is an action taken by an organization to select on the basis of race, gender, or ethnicity by giving due preferences to minorities like women and races being not adequately represented under the existing employment. To make the presentation of all these compositions almost equal in proportion to do away the injustice done in the past. The Supreme Company need to design an affirmative action program in the light ofRead MoreAffirmative Action1759 Words   |  8 PagesAffirmative Action Right? Affirmative action has been around for decades. Some believe it isn’t fair but others do. Those who believe and agree with affirmative action tend to say, â€Å"The principle of affirmative action is to promote societal equality through the preferential treatment of socioeconomically disadvantaged people† (Bidmead, Andrew pg 3). Others that disagree with it and find it unfair simply see it as another form of discrimination, giving one group extra advantages based upon nothingRead MoreAffirmative Action And Its Effects On Affirmative1263 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout America there are many different views on the effects of affirmative action. Many see it as a negative policy which gives an unnecessary advantage to minorities in America. In a 2009 Pew Poll, â€Å"58% of African Americans agree† and only â€Å"22% whites agree† that there should be â€Å"preferential treatment to improve the position of blacks and other minorities† (Public Backs Affirmative Action†). Today affirmative action and other racial injustices tend to be in the spotlight quite often, suchRead MoreAffirmative Action774 Words   |  4 PagesAffirmative action is a practice that is intended to promote opportunities for the â€Å"protected class† which includes minorities, woman, and people with disabilities or any disadvantaged group for that matter. With affirmative action in place people of this protected class are given an even playing field in terms of hiring, promotion, as well as compensation. Historically, affirmative action is only known to have protected African Americans and woman; however that is not the case. Affirmative actionRead MoreAffirmative Action : Gender Action Essay970 Words   |  4 PagesAffirmative Action (ADD PROPER INTRO) Affirmative action, in its broadest sense, are attempts to help create labor and educational opportunities for groups that have been disadvantaged in the past. (Miriam Webster). Evidence has shown that throughout history, many groups have been discriminated against, and because of past (discriminations?), they continue to experience obstacles in areas of hiring, promotion, renting, buying, gaining education, and everyday economic activities. Thus, affirmativeRead MoreAffirmative Action Is An Action Or Policy? Essay1774 Words   |  8 Pages Affirmative Action remains one of the more complicated and controversial topics dealt with in American society. Affirmative Action is an action or policy designed to protect specific groups who suffer from discrimination, and provide them with programs and special opportunities. These government or private programs were designed to set right historical injustices towards the members of these groups who have suffered things like employment and e ducational disadvantages from racial discrimination

Controversial Essay High School Students and Beginners’ Guide Free Essays

To order an article, please click this link www. thepensters. com/gimatria. We will write a custom essay sample on Controversial Essay: High School Students and Beginners’ Guide or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thank you. Most controversial essays are emotionally-packed, hot issues that are intensifying and debatable in nature, thus, sparking conflicts. They contain disputable topics of recurring interests. Simply put, any essay contents where strong contentions are typically presented for long periods build up into particular forms of controversy. Hence, they are generally considered highly polemical pieces of essay. The reason for this is that people have varied ideas and opinions regarding topics that are contentious, debatable or disputable. Controversial essays polarize people to raise powerful arguments in favor of or against any issues. This results from concepts or ideas that have distinct viewpoints, which comprise any specific contexts. Most people are good in writing this type of essay mainly because they follow these basic ideas underlying any controversial essay topics, as follows: First, you will not find any comprehensive guidelines of composing controversial essay topics, but only opinionated views. Subjective topics and observations in crafting articles generally generate controversies but primarily entirely relative. They ensure first if a particular article is a personal essay, opinion piece, news report, persuasive article or thingamajig. Anyway, you should usually come up with timely content articles in furnishing details for this type of essay. Second, identify your subject theme and be familiar with the argument. Remain centered on the theme. Have understanding of your subject matter by doing some research to write impartial content. Just take into account to keep yourself unbiased, except if it is your opinion or own piece. Needless to say, if you would like to write a contentious topic, pick one out that will appropriately elicit your own understanding about the given issue. Even so, be ready to be disputed and/or corrected. Third, be sensitive to your readers. Keep this in mind when writing: Know whom you are addressing or target audience. Keep the readers’ interest and concentrate on the end results. Ask yourself some of these questions: What is your objective as an essayist? Is your essay a controversial article, news items, or persuasive in nature? Provide only correct factual observations even when you are trying to be creative explaining some theories. Readers can be offended or even annoyed with a contentious topic; yet, this does not constitute injurious expressions or offensive practice in the slightest form. Remember, as a writer, you’ve the right to contradict or denounce unfair remarks. As such, obnoxious content should never be tolerated. On the other hand, your readers can consider forgoing your piece, talk about it, or disregard it altogether. That could be their decision. Nevertheless, no writer should be abused. Excessive prejudicial opinions and hateful bashing need to be dealt with judiciously. Injurious activities are unacceptable and no readers or author owns a right to damage or harm another person. In summary, if you choose to create controversial essay topics, yours may result in serious debates requiring supporting evidences. Really, you need profoundly, sensitive understanding of proper argumentation to deal mainly with opinionated essays, which are simply and entirely subjective any way you view them. Eilvu Gimatria Essay Guide To order an article, please click this link www. thepensters. com/gimatria. Thank you. How to cite Controversial Essay: High School Students and Beginners’ Guide, Essays

Micro Economic Analysis in Agriculture

Questions: 1. Sketch the following cost curves and discuss the reasons for the shapes of the curves(a) The Marginal Cost Curve(b) The Average Cost Curve(c) The Average Fixed Cost Curve(d) The Average Variable Cost Curve2. Explain the relationship between the law of diminishing returns and the concept of economies of scale.Question 3a) Discuss the following statement: In the real world there is no industry which conforms precisely to the economists model of perfect competition. This means that the model is of little practical value. b) Illustrate with a diagram and explain the short-run perfectively competitive equilibrium for both (i) the individual firm and (ii) the industry; c) Illustrate with a diagram and explain the long-run perfectly competitive equilibrium for the firm. 4. In what ways could a monopoly be (a) more efficient (b) less efficient than several firms competing against each other? Discuss this statement with the use of appropriate diagrams.Question 5a) Outline a micro-economic reform issue that is relevant to the Australian economy i.e. why has there been reform in this industry or market? b) How successful do you think these reform measures were and say why referring to some data or research that has been performed. Answer 1. a) Cost bends are drawn with the amount of a particular item along the straight hub and cash cost on the vertical. Under this supposition, the bends can be translated to relate either to the business overall, or to a delegate firm. They can speak to the aggregate expense of the amount, the normal (every unit) cost, or the minor expense. For the short-run, aggregate and normal expenses can be separated into the bit thinking about the sum spent elements of generation whose amounts can be differed, and the parcel reflecting the drawn expenses of the settled variables of creation. The short-run expense bends are typically focused around a creation capacity with one variable component of generation that shows first expanding and afterward diminishing peripheral profit. Expanding small gainfulness is connected with the adversely inclined parcel of the peripheral expense bend, while diminishing minimal profit is connected with the decidedly slanted part. The normal changed expense (AFC) ben d is the expense of the settled element of creation partitioned by the amount of units of the yield, while the normal variable expense (AVC) bend expense follows out the every unit expense of variable component of generation. The U-molded normal total expense (ATC) bend is determined by including the normal altered and variable expenses. The negligible expense (MC) crosses both the AVC and ATC bends at their base focuses. Declining normal aggregate expenses are clarified as the consequence of spreading the altered expenses over more noteworthy amounts and, at low amounts, the aftereffect of the expanding negligible profit, moreover. Expanding normal expenses happen when the impact of declining negligible benefit overpowers the impact of distribution the settled expenses. Drawn together on one graph, expense bends can seem overwhelming to understudies of financial aspects, and even their educators can experience issues separating them in a justifiable manner. b) The long-run expense bends, generally displayed in a different graph, are likewise communicated most usually in their normal, or every unit, structure, spoke to here in Figure. The long-run normal expense (LRAC) bend is indicated to be a covering of the short-run normal expense (SRAC) bends, lying all over the place beneath or digression to the short-run bends. The firm is compelled in the shortrun in selecting the ideal blend of variables of generation along these lines will never have the capacity to discover a less exclusive blend than can be found over the long haul when there are no imperatives. On account of consistent comes back proportional; the most well-known suspicion for creation works, the LRAC bend is even. In the event that it is the situation that a bigger size of generation is acquired through expanding the quantity of impossible to tell apart plants, and afterward the long-run expense bend approaches an even line as the quantity of plants expands that seems to b e, the creation capacity will show "asymptotic-first-degree-homogeneity". Long-run normal expense bends that are all over the place diminishing will emerge in businesses with a substantial settled expense and steady variable expenses. Generally, withdrawing long-run expense bends have been connected with regular syndications. c) Total changed expense is now and then called settled expense. In the event that you work a plant, you must high temperature the building to keep the channels from solidifying in the winter. Regardless of the fact that no creation is occurring, you may need to keep the top from spilling, pay a watchman to protect the building from vandals, and make installments on a long haul lease. There may additionally be protection premiums, assessments, and city charges to pay, and in addition contract commitments to specialists. developed expenses speak to a bigger bit of aggregate expenses for a few firms than for others. Normal altered expense (AFC) is aggregate settled expense (TFC) separated by the quantity of units of yield (q). Aggregate altered expenses (TFC) are those expenses that don't change with yield, regardless of the fact that yield is zero. d) In economics, average variable cost (AVC) is a firm's variable costs of labor, electricity, etc. divided by the quantity of output produced. Variable costs are those costs which vary with output. 2. In Business Economics, the short run is characterized as a period where no less than one element of creation (area, work, capital) is altered. The theory of consistent losses is a short run idea that states expanding after units of a variable component to a settled element will expand yield, yet in the long run the expansion of two yields will begin to stoppage and finally get to be negative. In the more extended run all components are variable and thus, the measure of area (long ago settled component) can be expanded to set up the increment in all different variables Most short run expense bends outline the idea of 'consistent losses' extremely well. In financial matters, unavoidable losses (likewise called decreasing peripheral returns) is the reduction in the small yield of a generation transform as the measure of a solitary variable of creation is expanded, while the measures of all different variables of generation stay consistent. The theory of consistent losses expresses th at in all gainful methodologies, including a greater amount of one component of generation, while holding all others steady ("ceteris paribus"), will sooner or later yield lower every unit returns. The theory of consistent losses does not infer that including to a greater extent an element will diminish the total generation, a condition known as negative returns, however indeed this is regular. 3. a) first, we should audit what financial components must be show in an industry with impeccable rivalry: 1. All organizations offer an indistinguishable item. 2. All organizations are value takers. 3. All organizations have a generally little piece of the pie. 4. The industry is portrayed by flexibility of section and passageway. 5. Buyer knows the nature of the product being sold and the prices charged by each firms.These five necessities infrequently exist together in any one industry accordingly, conclude challenge is once in a while (if at any point) trial in this present reality. Case in point, most items have some level of separation. Indeed with an item as basic as filtered water, for instance, makers fluctuate in the philosophy of refining, item size, brand personality, and so forth create, for example, crude rural items, despite the fact that they can even now disparity as far as quality, come closest to being indistinguishable, or having zero separation. 3. b) i) Perfectly focused markets are uncommon in this present reality; there are three imperative explanations behind creating an exhaustive understanding of their conduct. Impeccable rivalry is an industry with numerous firms, each one offering an indistinguishable decent; numerous purchasers; no limitations on section into the business; no preference for existing firms over new firms; and venders and purchasers are decently educated about costs. Impeccable rivalry happens when the base proficient size of a firm is little in respect to request. The base effective size of a firm is the littlest amount of yield at which the long-run normal aggregate expense is grinding away's most minimal level. ii) We can best see how the business supply bend rises up out of individual maker supply bends by envision that all the makers are impossible to tell apart. At a cost of more than $10, each one ranch will create the amount of yield at which its minimal expense is equivalent to the business sector cost. So if there are 100 natural tomato ranchers and the cost of natural tomatoes is $18 every bushel, the industry overall will create 500 bushels, comparing to 100 rancher's 5 bushels every agriculturist, cetera. 1. The balance business sector cost and industry harmony level of yield are dictated by the business request and supply bends. Over the long haul, the quantity of firms in the business, and their size can change. Changes in the business interest influence the cost and then the organizations' benefits. The neighborhood of a financial benefit implies that over the long haul new firms enter the business; the vicinity of a monetary hardship implies that inevitably some current firms retreat. At the point when firms procure an ordinary benefit, there is no motivation to enter or passageway. Economic benefits bring section by new firms. The business supply bend shifts rightward and decreases the business cost. The fall in cost lessens financial benefit and declines the motivator to enter the business. Economic misfortune lead to passageway by existing firms, which moves the business supply bend leftward. The value climbs, and the higher cost lessens financial misfortunes. Firms retreat u ntil no organizations cause a financial. 4. a) An unregulated syndication has business sector control and can impact costs. The key distinction between a very well focused firm and a restrictive infrastructure is that the aggressive firm confronts a level interest bend, on the grounds that it can offer as much as it needs at the business sector cost. This implies that this current association's activities can impact the cost. Not a value taker. Reasons for obstructions to section: Key asset possessed by single firm. Costs of generation make a private maker more effective than huge number. b) In monopolistic rivalry there are numerous firms yet not the huge quantities of unadulterated rivalry. The items are separated, not institutionalized. There is some control over cost in a limited reach, though the absolutely focused firm has none. There is generally simple passage; in unadulterated rivalry, section is totally without hindrances. In immaculate rivalry, there is no non-value rivalry. In perfect syndication there is stand out firm. Its item is extraordinary and there are no nearby substitutes. In monopolistically focused commercial ventures financial benefits are contended away over the long haul; henceforth, there is no legitimate motivation to censure the execution and proficiency of such businesses. Its publicizing is generally for advertising. Item separation may well just be subjective depending on each person's preferences; however that is all the monopolistic contender needs to pick up favorable element in the business gave, obviously, the customer looks upon the expected contrast absolutely. The genuine contrasts can be in quality, in administrations, in area, or even in advancement and bundling, which brings us again to where we began: conceivably nonexistent contrasts. To the degree that item separation exists truth be told or in the brain of the purchaser, monopolistic contenders have some restricted control over cost, for they have developed some dependability to their image. 5 a) Profit development multiplied in the 1990s to achieve a record high. A scope of conceivable clarifications for the profit surge is analyzed in the paper. The three most possible are microeconomic changes; training and abilities in the workforce; and the quick uptake and keen utilization of data and interchanges innovations. To a certain degree, these three elements have associated. The surge in profit development has underpinned development in normal wages that is solid by both provable and global models. Australia's rate of gainfulness development was relatively frail over the greater part of the twentieth century. Governments hence exchanged this high profit position for 'national improvement' as, with broad well known help, they empowered populace development, enhancement of the financial base and redeployment of salary through a set of arrangements that had the (maybe unintended) outcome of keeping down development in gainfulness and living measures. b) This paper presents a structure for significant adolescent equity framework change the incorporation of a forward looking authoritative model with confirmation based programming. The regulatory model is sorted out around danger administration and danger reduction went for ensuring general society by minimizing recidivism. Confirmation based writing computer programs is sorted out around administrations that direct criminogenic danger elements and improve versatile working for the treated guilty parties. Arrangements are guided by a manner lattice that backings individualized manner plans and is composed around the danger levels and treatment needs of guilty parties as surveyed by observationally approved instruments. A cluster of viable projects is underpinned that gives sufficient differences to permit matching with guilty parties' requirements. This show of projects is incorporated with a continuum of graduated levels of supervision and control so guilty parties can be ventures up the stepping stool and set in all the more profoundly organized system situations if conduct compounds and ventures down when there is change. References Baldwin, J. (2006). Innovation capabilities, the knowledge capital behind the survival and growth of firms. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. Dewett, K. (1966). Modern economic theory. New Delhi: Shyam Lal Charitable Trust; sole distributors: S. Chand. Dunne, T., Jensen, J. and Roberts, M. (2009). Producer dynamics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Haririan, M. (1989). State-owned enterprises in a mixed economy. Boulder: Westview Press. Horngren, C., Datar, S. and Rajan, M. (2012). Cost accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Jhingan, M. (1982). Advanced economic theory. New Delhi: Vikas. Le Vay, C. (1991). The micro economic theory of agricultural cooperation. Wetherby: British Library, Document Supply Centre. Leibtag, E. (2007). Cost pass-through in the U.S. coffee industry. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Mocan, H. and Rees, D. (1999). Economic conditions, deterrence and juvenile crime. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research. Morais, D. (2004). Fixed broadband wireless communications. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall/Professional Technical Reference. Ravi Kumar, K. (2012). Micro economic analysis in agriculture. New Delhi: Daya Pub. House. Sandborn, P. (2013). Cost analysis of electronic systems. Singapore: World Scientific. Van der Veen, A. (2004). Disasters and economic damage. Bradford, England: Emerald Group Pub. Whitney, S. (1975). Economic principles, micro. Columbus, Ohio: Grid, Inc.